Comprehensive Review of Contemporary Therapeutic Strategies in the Management of Hyperlipidemia

Volume 16 , Issue 1 , July 2026

Authors

Firdaus Nuri Ahmed 1 ; Gullala Ibrhim Qadir 1 ; Mohammad Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari 2 ; Enas Sabah Hassan 3

1 Branch of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, KRG/Iraq

2 Branch of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, KRG/Iraq

3 Department of Basic Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, KRG/Iraq

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10524

Keywords

Abstract

Background: Antihyperlipidemic agents play a crucial role in managing lipid disorders, particularly in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglyceride levels. These agents help prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by targeting various mechanisms that regulate lipid metabolism.

Objective: This review examines the current landscape of antihyperlipidemic agents, focusing on their mechanisms of action, therapeutic efficacy, and adverse effects.

Methods: A full literature screen was conducted across multiple databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2025. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria such as relevance to lipid-lowering therapies, human clinical data, and a focus on agents like statins, fibrates, PCSK9 inhibitors, and new siRNA-based therapies.

Results: The review highlights the diverse pharmacological classes of antihyperlipidemic agents, including statins, fibrates, and novel therapies such as PCSK9 inhibitors and antisense oligonucleotides. Efficacy data indicate that these agents significantly reduce LDL-C levels, while adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal disturbances and hepatic toxicity, are common but manageable. Emerging treatments like inclisiran show promising results in enhancing long-term lipid control.

Conclusion: Antihyperlipidemic agents remain essential in managing hyperlipidemia and preventing CVD. Future research should focus on optimizing the use of these therapies and exploring novel agents with better efficacy and safety profiles

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