PATTERN AND PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN A GROUP OF PATIENTS IN SULAIMANI CITY

Volume 13 , Issue 4 , July 2025 , Pages 431-442

Authors

Neiran Munthir 1 ; Dana A Sharif 2 ; Serwan M Ismail 2 ; Rbaz Jamal Abdul 1

1 Family of Medicine, Qatae Hospital, Ministry of Health, Musil, Iraq.

2 College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10438

Keywords

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (often underdiagnosed, and its complications often undertreated) is a worldwide public
health problem associated with a signifi cant increase in mortality.
Objective
To fi nd out the common causes of chronic kidney disease in Sulaimani to prevent and accurately assess risk
factors for target intervention to prevent or slow down the progression.
Patients and Methods
An observational case series study was accomplished on 192 patients with chronic kidney disease in Sulaimani
City from September 2018 to March 2019. Following informed consent, a questionnaire collected demographic
and clinical details. Laboratory data of the patients were also collected and statistically analyzed.
Results
The majority (58.9%) of the participants were 18-64 years old, 66.7% lived in urban areas, and 66.1% had
a low socioeconomic status. The leading causes of chronic kidney disease in children were glomerular
diseases (45.4%) and congenital urological malformations (31.8%), while in adults and elderly group, diabetic
nephropathy (25.9%), glomerular diseases (19.4%), and hypertension (16.5%) were the most common causes.
About 50% of all patients were diagnosed when they reached advanced stages (stage IV, V), and about 90% of
patients diagnosed at early stages progressed to advanced stages. Uncontrolled diabetes, proteinuria (≥ 1gm),
and uncontrolled blood pressure were signifi cant risk factors for progression.
Conclusion
Chronic kidney disease is underdiagnosed and undertreated in our region. Early detection and measures to
slow disease progression should be encouraged.

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  • First online26 July 2025
  • Published at26 July 2025

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