SURVIVAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA

Volume 13 , Issue 2 , July 2025 , Pages 183-190

Authors

Kani Kamal Mohammed 1 ; Aso Faeq Salih 2 ; Basil Kadhim Abdalla 3

1 College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

2 Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

3 Hiwa Hospital, College of Medicine/University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10411

Keywords

Abstract

Background
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant blood cancer of T-cell or B-cell lineages.
Objectives
The aim was to obtain local data on the demographic features of pediatric patients with ALL and correlate
them with a five-year survival rate.
Patients and Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed on 94 ALL pediatric patients aged 1-14 admitted to the Hiwa
Hospital from 2014 to 2016. The diagnostic methods, clinical features, and histological and biochemical
parameters were reviewed. Further, a five-year survival rate was assessed.
Results
The mean±SD (standard deviation) of patients’ ages at diagnosis was 5.2±3.1 years, ranging from 1 to 14.
Males were 57.4%, and females were 42.6%, with a male-to-female ratio of (1.35:1). Most patients (61.7%)
suffered from the low-risk (A), and the majority of patients (90.4%) were in remission. The five-year survival
rate was 80.9%. The associations of age groups, gender, white blood cell (WBC) groups, risk groups, and
post-induction status with a five-year survival rate were insignificant (p-values of >.05). The association of
immunophenotyping with the five-year survival rate was statistically significant (p-value = .014).
Conclusion
The 5-year survival rate was 80.9% in the current study. Further, although the frequency of some characteristics
was more than others, the associations of the patient characteristics with the five-year survival rates were
insignificant, except for the association of the five-year survival rate with immunophenotyping which was
significant.

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  • First online26 July 2025
  • Published at26 July 2025

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