PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

Volume 12 , Issue 3 , September 2022 , Pages 247-257

Authors

Gona Aziz Rahim 1

1 Obstetrician and Gynecologist, Maternity Teaching Hospital in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10367

Keywords

Abstract

Background
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that has profound implications for women
throughout their reproductive years. PCOS is associated with reproductive challenges, including difficulty in
conceiving and pregnancy-related complications of miscarriage, hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes
and prematurity, and increased cesarean section(C/S) rate.
Objectives
To determine the pregnancy-related complications and outcomes in women with PCOS and to find the risk of
these complications in obese and overweight.
Patients and Methods
Prospective cohort study was conducted in a Maternity teaching hospital and private hospitals and clinics in
Sulaymaniyah City Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2021. Involved 313 women with PCOS trying to conceive. PCOS women
were diagnosed by having two of the following three criteria, known as Rotterdam criteria (oligo-ovulation or
anovulation, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries as seen by ultrasound scan),
with the exclusion of other causes of androgen excess and menstrual cycle irregularity or amenorrhoea. They
are followed a few months before conception, pregnancy and delivery. Way of conceiving (natural or by
induction of ovulation), adverse pregnancy outcomes, and complications like early pregnancy loss, Pregnancyinduced hypertension (PIH), pre-eclampsia (PET), Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm delivery,
and mode of delivery were recorded. The risk of these complications in obese and overweight compared to
normal weight cases was recorded.
Results
This study included 313 women with PCOS, pregnancy complications were PIH (12.1%), PET (2.2%), GDM
(10.5%), pre-term delivery (4.5%), Miscarriage (19.5%), ectopic pregnancy (1.9%), biochemical pregnancy
(1.6%), intrauterine fetal death(IUFD) 0.3%, the relation of these complications with pregnancy outcomes
showed significant results with p-value of 0.04, 0.02, and 0.01 for PIH, PET, and GDM respectively. These
complications were more in obese and overweight PCOS pregnant women than in normal-weight PCOS, but
these associations were not significant.
Conclusion
Women with PCOS are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes; pre-pregnancy education, hormonal
status regulation, diet and lifestyle changes, and weight loss with better follow-up of these women during
pregnancy may decrease these complications. Introducing specific guidelines for pregnant women with PCOS
may be beneficial.

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