DIAGNOSTIC YIELD OF BI-DIRECTIONAL ENDOSCOPY IN THE EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA REFERRED TO THE KURDISTAN CENTER FOR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY (KCGH)

Volume 12 , Issue 2 , June 2022 , Pages 173-180

Authors

Ali Jabbar Ahmed 1 ; Taha Ahmed Al-Karboly 2 ; Mohammed Omer Mohammed 2 ; Araz Latif Raheem 3 ; Muhsin Abubaker Mohamed 3

1 Kurdistan board trainee /GIT-Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

2 College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

3 Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10358

Keywords

Abstract

Background
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anemia worldwide. IDA occurs in 2-5% of adult
men and postmenopausal women in the developed world and is a common reason for gastroenterology referral.
Bi-directional endoscopy is required to identify the cause of iron deficiency anemia.
Objectives
To assess different upper and lower gastrointestinal causes of IDA in patients who attend Kurdistan Centre for
Gastroenterology and Hepatology diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and referred for endoscopy.
Patients and Methods
It is a cross-sectional study implemented in the Kurdistan centre of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (KCGH)
in Sulaimani City, Kurdistan region-Iraq for one year from 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2021 on a sample
of one hundred and seventy patients with iron deficiency anemia. The diagnosis and severity classification of
iron deficiency anemia was done according to the World Health Organization definition and classification. The
gastrointestinal Specialist in the centre implemented the bi-directional endoscopy.
Results
The diagnostic yield of esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings of iron deficiency anemia patients 51.8% were
gastropathy (41%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (32%), gastric ulcer (6%), duodenal ulcer (4%), hiatus
hernia (4%), celiac sprue (4%), gastric antral vascular ectasia (3%), tumour (3%) and others (3%). While the
diagnostic yield of colonoscopy findings of iron deficiency anemia patients, 43.5% were haemorrhoids (42%),
polyps (37%), ulcers (12%), colorectal tumour (5%), and diverticulosis (5%).
Conclusion
Bi-directional endoscopy is safe in diagnosing and evaluating patients with iron deficiency anemia with high
diagnostic yields.

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