CORRELATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIATIONS WITH STAGING OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS IN THE KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ

Volume 11 , Issue 3 , September 2021 , Pages 371-379

Authors

Banaz M. Safar 1 ; Basil K. Abdulla 2 ; Rawand P. Shamoon 3 ; Mohammed A.Hassan 4 ; Akram M. Mohammed 1 ; Ahmed K. Yassin 5 ; Najmaddin Khoshnaw 1

1 KBMS Candidate, Dept. of Hematology, Hiwa Cancer hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

2 Dept. of Hematology, Hiwa Cancer hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

3 Dept. of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

4 Cancer Control Program, Hiwa hospital, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

5 Dept. of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10322

Keywords

Abstract

Background
Multiple myeloma is a malignant proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells that produces monoclonal
proteins. It is one of the most frequently diagnosed haematological malignancies.
Objectives
To explore the epidemiologic and demographic characteristics of multiple myeloma patients in this area and to
study their relationship with the stage of the disease.
Subject and Methods
In this retrospective study, 176 multiple myeloma patients from the three governorates of the Iraqi Kurdistan
region were diagnosed from June 2013 to December 2018. Their demographic and clinical characteristics and
their laboratory and radiological results were analyzed and correlated with the disease stage.
Results
The patients’ median age at diagnosis was 61 years with a range of 35-89 years. The male to female ratio
was 1.37:1. The majority of patients were of low social status from the urban areas. Bone pain was the most
common presenting symptom encountered in 79% of patients. At the time of diagnosis, anaemia, pathological
fractures, renal impairment, and infections were encountered in 62.55%, 21%, 19.9%, and 4.5%, respectively.
At the time of diagnosis, 50.6% of the patients had stage II disease, 36.9% had stage III, and 12.5% had stages
I disease. The demographic features did not have any significant relation with the stage of the disease.
Conclusion
Multiple myeloma patients in our locality are younger than what has been so far reported from the western
world. Half of our cases presented with stage II disease.

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