PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF MICROALBUMINURIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Volume 11 , Issue 3 , September 2021 , Pages 343-350

Authors

Omed H. K Abdulwahab 1 ; Rasul A. Rasul 2

1 Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

2 Iraqi Board Candidate of Internal Medicine, Ministery of Health, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI logo 10.17656/jsmc.10319

Keywords

Abstract

Background
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Microalbuminuria is
considered an early stage of diabetic nephropathy, as it is a predictor of cardiovascular disease among diabetic
and non-diabetic subjects.
Objectives
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.
Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out at diabetes & endocrine clinic in Faruk Medical City - Sulaimanya from
Feb. 2018 to Feb. 2019. Overall, 211 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. The patients were
investigated & assessed for presence or absence of microalbuminuria by using Urine- Albumin-Creatinine
Ratio (ACR) and for associated risk factors including {Age, Gender, Duration of diabetes mellitus (DM),
fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, presence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking,
types of DM treatment and renal function}.
Results
The Prevalence of microalbuminuria was 27.01%. Significant differences were found regarding mean age
(56.75 vs. 53.95) (P=0.05), duration of diabetes (9.44 vs. 7.10 years) (P=<0.002), hypertension (P=0.003), the
mean serum triglyceride (TG) level, (223.05 vs. 167.72) (P= 0.001) and HbA1c (P=0.006) in patients with
microalbuminuria as compared to patients with normoalbuminuria respectively. However, there was no
significant statistical correlation with the other variables, including gender, BMI, smoking, fasting plasma
glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C), type of DM treatment, and renal function.
Conclusion
Microalbuminuria is a common problem in type 2 diabetic patients. Advanced age, hypertension, poor glycemic
control, long duration of diabetes, and serum triglyceride were risk factors for developing microalbuminuria.

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