PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AMONG PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES
(ASTHMA, COPD, BRONCHIECTASIS) IN SULAIMANI


Kamaran Amin Omer Karadakhy a and Chrakhan Mohammed Haji b

a Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani. 
b Kurdistan Board of Medical Specialties Candidate.



Submitted: 18/4/2018; Accepted: 25/7/2018; Published 15/10/2018

ABSTRACT


Background 

Role of vitamin D in respiratory diseases is still need to be addressed. Literatures showed lower levels of vitamin D was associated with a reduction of lung function assessed by FEV1 and FVC in normal subjects.


Objectives 

To assess the vitamin D level in patients with obstructive pulmonary diseases and matched controls, and to study the variability in vitamin D level with obstructive pulmonary disease characteristics.


Materials and Methods

A total of 102 cases with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease were enrolled and 127 healthy subjects as a control group. History taking, respiratory questionnaire, spirometry, chest CT scan and chest X-Ray had been used in the diagnosis. Patients with thyroid function disorder, vitamin D user, and bad compliance were excluded. Waters CE-Marks in Vitro Diagnostic Mass Trak Vitamin D Solution was used to determine the level of vitamin D in both groups. Lab values in ng/ml; Deficiency (<20 ng/ml), Insufficiency (20-29 ng\ml) and Sufficiency (30-100 ng\ml).


Results

All the data from both enrolled and control group were entered and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. From 102 cases two cases within normal value (1.7%), 88 cases (86.3%) Deficiency <20 ng/ml, 12 cases (11.8%) Insufficiency (20-29) ng/ml. Totally 100 cases (98.3 %) had low Vitamin D. The prevalence of low Vitamin D level in asthma was 96.3 %, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 100%, and bronchiectasis 100 %. Both age and smoking habit had a statistically significant relationship with Vitamin D level. 


Conclusion

The prevalence of low Vitamin D is very high in both patients and health group (98.3 % and 85.8%). Chronic ObstructivePulmonary Disease and bronchiectasis were 100% and asthma cases were 96.3%. Both age and smoking habit had a significant effect on Vitamin D level. Undiagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pumonary Disease was a big challenge in our study. We will recommend the parallel process of the diagnosis and screening for both ObstructivePulmonary Disease and Vitamin D level.


KEYWORDS

Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases.


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